Judge — October 19, 1918

# Fatima Cigarette Advertisement This is primarily a **cigarette advertisement**, not political satire. The ad promotes Fatima brand cigarettes as "A Sensible Cigarette," targeting military audiences—specifically U.S. Navy personnel. The text claims sales data showing that over 80% of cigarettes sold in Officers' Messes aboard naval vessels are Fatimas, and that the brand is popular among enlisted men too. The illustration depicts a naval vessel and shore scene with sailors, emphasizing the cigarette's appeal to military life. The floating imagery above suggests smoke or the product's reach. This represents early 20th-century tobacco marketing that freely advertised cigarettes without health warnings, and directly targeted military consumers as a desirable demographic. The "sensible" framing is marketing language with no ironic intent.

# Analysis of Judge Magazine Cover, October 19, 1918 This satirical cover depicts soldiers pushing a large globe labeled with world geography. The caption "Giving Him What He Wanted" paired with "Merrily We Roll Along, Roll Along, Roll Along" suggests commentary on World War I's conclusion—the U.S. entered the war in 1917, and October 1918 preceded the November armistice. The soldiers appear to be "rolling" the world toward an enemy figure (likely the German Kaiser), sarcastically suggesting they're delivering exactly what he desired through warfare. The cartoon critiques how the war itself became a self-perpetuating mechanism. The small comic strip below provides lighter relief but its specific content is unclear in this image quality. The artwork is credited to Uda Lowell.

# Analysis of "The New Red Sea" Cartoon This satirical cartoon, drawn by Robert A. Graef, critiques American business and foreign policy circa World War I era. The central image shows a donkey (representing stubborn business interests) surrounded by dollar signs, satirizing profit-driven commerce during wartime. Surrounding vignettes reference various threats: aerial bombing, the "Federal Trade Commission," and a "U.S. Business" balloon under fire. The bottom panel mocks "Crown Prince" (likely German leadership) and Karl, possibly referencing German industrialists or political figures involved in wartime commerce. The title "Facts Are Stubborn Things" suggests the cartoon argues that despite propaganda or official statements, American business continued profiting from conflict. The "New Red Sea" likely alludes to bloodshed while businesses pursued financial gain, criticizing the perceived disconnect between battlefield casualties and corporate interests.

# Analysis of "Registering Maternal Instinct" This illustrated story by Thomas Edgelow satirizes early 20th-century attitudes about motherhood and child-rearing among the wealthy. The narrative centers on Gloria, a vain society woman, who discovers an unattractive child named Billy at the beach. When Billy expresses loneliness on his birthday, Gloria's "maternal instinct" suddenly awakens—but the satire suggests this is performative rather than genuine. The joke targets how privileged women like Gloria adopt fashionable sentiments about motherhood as social performance. Her sudden interest in the homely child registers as calculated benevolence rather than authentic care. The illustration shows Gloria among beach society figures, emphasizing the public, display-oriented nature of her newfound maternal feeling. The satire questions whether such impulses reflect genuine compassion or merely social posturing.

# Analysis: Judge Magazine Page This wartime satirical page (likely WWI-era, given references to Kaiser Wilhelm and Nicholas Romanoff) contains three distinct pieces: **"Scraps of Paper"** attacks German leadership through bitter political commentary. The "kaiser's dove of peace is a buzzard" metaphor mocks peace proposals as insincere. References to "Prussian dream of conquest" turned to "nightmare" and Germany wanting "peace with honor" sarcastically suggest Germany's military collapse and moral bankruptcy. The jabs at "Nicholas Romanoff" and "Wilhelm Hohenzollern" joining "in oblivion" predict both leaders' downfalls. **"Poor Company"** is a social joke: a man refuses to invite his pastor to ride in his secondhand car because the unreliable vehicle's breakdowns would expose his colorful (profane) vocabulary—apparently learned from a disreputable uncle. **"Faith"** depicts domestic wartime humor: a wife interrupts her husband's creative writing with kitchen demands, deflating his artistic pretensions. The overarching theme: American home-front attitudes during WWI, mixing anti-German sentiment with gentle domestic comedy.

# "With Them That Rejoice" This story by Corinne Rockwell Swain uses a sentimental domestic scene to make a wartime point. Farmer Spilett, hurried and frustrated after poor market sales, is stopped by young Jim Purdy with trivial news: their neighbor's hen laid two eggs. Initially annoyed, Spilett's irritation dissolves into genuine joy at the child's simple enthusiasm. The title and moral are clear: during wartime (implied by the WWI-era references in other page content), Americans should find happiness in small domestic victories and share in others' simple joys rather than dwelling on losses and hardship. The story advocates emotional resilience and community solidarity during national crisis—"rejoicing with them that rejoice" regardless of broader economic or military troubles. It's prescriptive wartime sentiment: maintain morale through shared human warmth.

# Explanation for Modern Readers This page from *Judge* magazine contains three satirical stories: **"His Record"** mocks Augustus Gush, an insufferably well-meaning person who constantly gives unsolicited advice and platitudes. The satire targets those who self-righteously insert themselves into others' lives under the guise of helpfulness—the type who's universally disliked despite genuinely trying to be good. **"The Lunatic"** humorously explores selective perception in romance: Jones raves about an ordinary girl he's infatuated with while ignoring the narrator's actually beautiful friend. The joke is that infatuation blinds people to objective reality. **"It Worked"** depicts a hungover pressman covering a black eye with ink to fool his intimidating boss during an inspection. The humor lies in workplace anxiety and the quick deception that succeeds. **"Positive Proof"** and **"Evolution"** (fragments) appear to continue on another page. The first shows a backwoods man shooting his doctor for incompetence; the second sets up a courthouse scene involving men of different ethnicities accused of theft. The illustration shows a woman in profile, captioned "The Navy's Idea of a Life Preserver"—likely satirizing outdated naval safety equipment or gender stereotypes.

# "A Peep at Camp Gordon" — Judge Magazine Satire This is a World War I-era satirical cartoon series by artist Zim, depicting life at Camp Gordon (a U.S. Army training facility). The page mocks both military conditions and American attitudes through interconnected vignettes: **Key satire targets:** - **Kaiser Wilhelm II** is referenced as someone who'd be surprised by American soldiers' resilience despite poor camp conditions - **Food complaints**: Soldiers' stomachs are "inflated" three times daily; the "weekly harvesting of broilers for Sunday dinner" jokes about inadequate provisions - **Training absurdities**: Soldiers practice with "dummies" for "Dope Drill"; trench-digging exercises are "arduous" - **Homesickness**: A soldier says "home was never like this" - **Supply shortages**: Comfort items are "absolute necessities" **The satire's point**: American troops endure hardship stoically while the homefront sends insufficient care packages. It's gentle patriotic mockery—reassuring readers that soldiers persist despite uncomfortable conditions, while implying military logistics need improvement.

# "Familiar Folks" — Judge Magazine Satire This page presents three satirical character sketches typical of early-20th-century American humor magazines. **Mrs. Iva Sharpe Paine** (top): A hypochondriac matriarch who obsesses over illness. The satire targets her and similar "granny" figures who dominate households by constantly diagnosing ailments—real and imaginary. She's had multiple surgeries (costing $2650, a substantial sum), yet remains convinced good health is suspicious. Her children remain confined awaiting "something to break out." The joke: she creates anxiety and sickness through worry rather than preventing it. **The Young Author** (middle): A struggling writer rejected 46 times finally reaches heaven, where St. Peter grants any wish. He demands the rejecting editor send him a $1,100 acceptance check—specifically to mock the editor by returning it. The satire mocks both the author's petty spite and the publishing world's callousness toward struggling writers. **Festus Pester** (right): A man convinced of his own importance and influence—stock-promoters and publishers value him—yet ordinary people dismiss him as "old man Pester." The satire ridicules self-important men who mistake transactional flattery for genuine respect.

# Judge Magazine Page Analysis This page contains three humor pieces typical of early 20th-century American satirical journalism: **"Fully Occupied"** presents a fire chief choosing a horseshoe game over responding to a town fire—satirizing small-town vanity and misplaced priorities. **"Not His Preference"** depicts a Black servant (drawn in period stereotypical style) expressing reluctant acceptance of repeated encounters with his employer, playing on class and racial dynamics of the era. **Walt Mason's "Philosophy—Sometimes"** is an ironic narrative poem: the narrator preaches patience and philosophical acceptance of misfortune to his struggling neighbor Jones, then immediately experiences disaster himself (a failed attempt to heat his home with kerosene results in injury), undermining his own advice. The satire targets hypocritical moralizing—particularly the tendency to lecture others while failing to follow one's own wisdom. The cartoons use working-class and rural settings to mock pretension, poor judgment, and self-righteousness, which were recurring targets in *Judge's* satirical content.