Penny Blood: Serial Sensation and Working-Class Entertainment — page 227: what you’re looking at

Machine-transcribed from the original scan — historical spelling and the odd misread are preserved.

210 ON FAULTING. [cH. XVI. earth in a pit at Copford in Essex, the complete phenomena of an ordinary fault exemplified in miniature within the thick- ness of about a foot, the dislocation being greatest at the upper part, where the layers had been denuded to a level and again covered up unconformably, and dying out entirely at the bottom of the fault. In ordinary strata sections cannot be seen of sufficient depth to exemplify this fact; but Mr Curry informs us* that “it 1s found, especially in the Alston Moor district, that the throws and shifts are greatest at and near the surface, and that they diminish in descending into the earth.” He also mentions the fact that “hades are greatest in shales, or argillaceous strata,” a fact agreeing well with the explanation above offered of their origin. When a V-shaped fissure is propagated downwards the angle of the V will follow some definite course or path in its descent through the strata. We may call this the axial surface, or, with sufficient accuracy, the axial plane of the fault. It is obvious that, according to the above theory, it will not coincide with the plane of the fault itself, which may be coin- cident or nearly so with one of the branches of the V. Even should the axial plane be vertical, the fault need not be so; as has been explained above. But it seems more probable that the axial plane will have an inclination corresponding to the hade of the fault, though not so great. Of this the following quasi proof is offered. Fi A, al |Fe {a2 | As 8. bi} [Fs [bs Bs C, Ci! |F,] C2 Cy D, dif | [de Ds E, : E. Suppose the strata A,A,, BB, O.C,, &c, to be super- imposed ; and suppose that a fissure is commenced by A,A, cracking at F’. Conceive the strata to contract more towards + “Proc, Literary and Phil. Soc. of Manchester,” Vol. rx. p. 44, 1869. COMIC OOOKS.EO inn