Penny Blood: Serial Sensation and Working-Class Entertainment — page 226: what you’re looking at

Machine-transcribed from the original scan — historical spelling and the odd misread are preserved.

on. xvi] ON FAULTING, 209 blocks, as we see in the drying mud of a pond that has been drained. Afterwards, or rather concomitantly, the vertical pressure arising from the weight of the material in the blocks might cause the cracks to be again filled up, at any rate to- wards the bottom of them, by pressing out the material of the blocks laterally so as to fill up the cracks. In such a case there would be neither throw nor hade, and in fact no fault at all, but merely a divisional plane or joint. But if after a V-shaped fissure had been formed, running say North and South, the strata on one side, say the East, were to settle downwards more than those on the West, the material upon the East side would then be pressed out laterally, by this settling, against the West side of the fissure. This side of the fissure would accordingly form the divisional plane of the fault, and would necessarily slope downwards to the East, towards the sunken strata, or “hade to the downthrow.” For the sake of simplicity the two movements of the opening of the fissure, and the settling down of the strata, have been supposed to have occurred separately. But in nature the two movements would go on together, and the pressure of the subsiding beds would support those on the opposite side, assisting to prevent their settling down to the same extent as if they were not so supported. If this explanation be admitted, it appears that an ordinary fault of small throw might be formed through a very slight defect from homogeneity of the beds on either side of it, for the open space afforded by the fissure itself would give a certain amount of room for the downcast beds to expand into when they subsided. But if there was a considerable change in passing from West to East in the condition of the beds, the less dense layers becoming thicker and the harder ones thinner within a moderate distance of the fault on the down- cast side, then a larger displacement would result. It is obvious that this explanation of the phenomena would require the throw of the fault as a rule to become less and less at greater depths, as is believed to be the case. In- deed the Author has a note of having seen, in stratified brick- F. 14 GONG oOo SS (CO)