Penny Blood: Serial Sensation and Working-Class Entertainment — page 45: what you’re looking at

Machine-transcribed from the original scan — historical spelling and the odd misread are preserved.

CHAPTER IIL INTERNAL DENSITIES AND PRESSURES. Speculations concerning the materials in successive couches—Waltershausen’s theory—His law of density open to correction—His tables of densities and pressures—Fluid pressures within the earth calculated from Laplace’s law of density—Fluid pressure at the centre. THE law of density in the interior of the earth has naturally led to speculations concerning the composition of the successive couches, or shells, of which it is composed. Waltershausen, in his “Rocks of Sicily and Iceland,” has formed a theory of the earth on this basis. Itis thus epitomised by Mr Clarence King in the “ Geological exploration of the fortieth parallel,” Vol. 1. p. 710°: “To sum up the theory of Waltershausen; the earth is a hot globe, of which a considerable portion is fluid, an unknown fraction of the centre having been rendered solid by the raising of its fusion-temperature by pressure. The downward increment of density is expressed by the chemical increment of the heavy bases, and the fluid region directly under the crust consists, first, of a feldspathic and acidic magma which passes downwards by successive replacements of bases into an augitic, and finally into a magnetitic magma.” The formula used by Waltershausen’ for the calculation of — the density p’ at a distance r from the centre is of the form p =P—(P—p)?": 1 Washington, Government printing office, 1878. 2 «¢ Rocks of Sicily and Iceland,” p. 315. COLA @ NOOKS ACO